Ccna 2 V7 Modules 1-4 Exam Answers

CCNA 2 v7 Modules 1-4 Exam Answers: A Comprehensive Guide

The CCNA 2 v7 exam (covering modules 1-4) is a significant hurdle for aspiring network engineers. This comprehensive guide provides in-depth explanations and answers for key concepts tested in these modules, helping you prepare effectively for exam success. We'll cover topics like routing protocols, WAN technologies, network security, and IP addressing, ensuring you have a strong understanding of the material. Remember, this is a study aid; thorough understanding of the concepts, not just memorizing answers, is crucial for passing the exam.

Module 1: IP Addressing and Subnetting

This module lays the foundation for network addressing. Mastering IP addressing and subnetting is critical for efficient network design and management.

Understanding IP Addresses: Classful vs. Classless Addressing

The exam will test your knowledge of both classful (A, B, C) and classless (CIDR) IP addressing schemes. Classful addressing, while largely obsolete, is still important to understand for legacy systems. Classless addressing (CIDR), using prefix lengths (/x), is the modern standard and requires a strong grasp of binary math for subnet calculations.

Key Concepts:

• Binary to Decimal Conversion: Be comfortable converting between binary and decimal representations of IP addresses and subnet masks.
• Subnet Mask Calculation: Understand how subnet masks determine the network and host portions of an IP address. Practice calculating subnet masks for various network sizes.
• CIDR Notation: Know how to interpret and use CIDR notation (/x) to represent subnet masks and network sizes.
• Determining Network and Broadcast Addresses: Be able to quickly identify the network and broadcast addresses within a given subnet.
• Host Address Range: Accurately calculate the number of usable host addresses within a subnet.

Example Question: What is the usable host range for the network 192.168.1.0/24?

Answer: 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254

Subnetting Techniques: The Foundation of Network Design

Efficient subnetting is essential for managing larger networks. The exam will test your ability to create subnets based on given requirements.

Key Concepts:

• VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking): Understand how to use VLSM to efficiently allocate IP addresses to different network segments.
• Subnet Calculation using Binary: Utilize binary manipulation to perform subnet calculations effectively.
• Supernetting: Know how to combine multiple smaller networks into a larger supernet.

Example Question: You need to subnet a /24 network into 4 equal subnets. What is the subnet mask and the subnet addresses?

Answer: Subnet mask: /26. Subnet addresses: 192.168.1.0, 192.168.1.64, 192.168.1.128, 192.168.1.192

Module 2: Routing Protocols – RIP and EIGRP

This module introduces two fundamental routing protocols: Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). Understanding their operation, configuration, and limitations is crucial.

RIP (Routing Information Protocol): Distance-Vector Routing

RIP is a simple distance-vector routing protocol. While relatively easy to understand and configure, it has limitations in terms of scalability and convergence time.

Key Concepts:

• Hop Count: RIP uses hop count as its metric. Understand the limitation of a maximum hop count of 15.
• Routing Table Updates: Know how RIP updates are exchanged between routers.
• Timers: Understand the role of various timers (update, invalid, hold-down, garbage collection) in RIP operation.
• Limitations: Recognize the limitations of RIP regarding scalability and convergence time.

Example Question: What is the maximum hop count allowed in RIPv2?

Answer: 15

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol): Advanced Distance-Vector Routing

EIGRP is a more advanced and robust distance-vector protocol compared to RIP. It offers faster convergence and better scalability.

Key Concepts:

• Feasible Distance: Understand the concept of feasible distance and its role in EIGRP's convergence.
• Advertised Distance: Know how advertised distance influences route selection in EIGRP.
• Neighbor Discovery and Update Process: Understand how EIGRP routers discover neighbors and exchange routing information.
• Metric Calculation: Know how EIGRP calculates its metric (bandwidth, delay, load, reliability).
• Passive Interfaces: Understand the concept of passive interfaces and their use in controlling EIGRP updates.

Example Question: What is the default administrative distance of EIGRP?

Answer: 90

Module 3: WAN Technologies and Concepts

This module covers Wide Area Network (WAN) technologies, essential for connecting geographically dispersed networks.

WAN Technologies: Connecting Across Distances

The exam will cover different WAN technologies and their characteristics.

Key Concepts:

• PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol): Understand the use of PPP for point-to-point connections and its authentication methods (PAP, CHAP).
• HDLC (High-Level Data Link Control): Be familiar with HDLC as a data link layer protocol for WAN connections.
• Frame Relay: Understand Frame Relay's use of PVCs (Permanent Virtual Circuits) and its role in WAN connectivity.
• MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching): Know the basic concepts of MPLS and its use in WANs for improved performance and scalability.

Example Question: Which WAN technology uses PVCs for communication?

Answer: Frame Relay

WAN Concepts: Addressing Challenges of Wide Area Networks

Understanding the challenges and solutions related to WANs is crucial.

Key Concepts:

• Network Latency: Understand the impact of latency on WAN performance.
• Bandwidth Management: Know different techniques for managing bandwidth on WAN connections.
• Error Correction and Detection: Be familiar with techniques used to detect and correct errors in WAN transmission.

Module 4: Network Security Fundamentals

This module introduces fundamental network security concepts and technologies.

Network Security Basics: Protecting Your Network

This section covers basic security principles and practices.

Key Concepts:

• Firewall: Understand the function of firewalls and their role in network security.
• Access Control Lists (ACLs): Be comfortable with configuring and applying ACLs to control network access.
• Security Best Practices: Know general security best practices, such as password management and regular updates.

Example Question: What is the purpose of an Access Control List (ACL)?

Answer: To control network access based on various criteria such as source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols.

Implementing Basic Network Security: Practical Application

This section covers the practical application of security measures.

Key Concepts:

• Standard ACLs: Understand the characteristics and limitations of standard ACLs.
• Extended ACLs: Know how extended ACLs offer more granular control than standard ACLs.
• Named ACLs: Understand the convenience and organization provided by named ACLs.
• Applying ACLs: Be able to apply ACLs effectively to different network interfaces.

This guide provides a starting point for your CCNA 2 v7 modules 1-4 exam preparation. Remember to practice with labs, utilize simulation tools, and review the official Cisco documentation for a complete and thorough understanding of these concepts. Good luck with your exam! Remember that consistent study and hands-on practice are key to achieving success. Don't just memorize the answers – focus on understanding the underlying principles. This will not only help you pass the exam but also build a strong foundation for your networking career.